Setting up ANTLR4 on Windows
I am using ANTLR for a Compilers course, and working on a windows box. Getting ANTLR to work is not difficult since it is just a Java jar file. The quick start instructions on the ANTLR website seem really straightforward, and they probably are if you know what you are doing. However, I had a bit of trouble getting the handy antlr4 and gruncommands to work properly in my environment. This is likely due to my Unix/Linux background and because I am not used to messing with environment variables and batch files on windows. Adding things to the PATH and creating bash aliases in Linux is a piece of cake. This is a bit trickier on Windows so I figured I would make a short tutorial to help anyone else who does not know what they are doing like me.
Download Antlr
You can get the latest ANTLR from here. Save this file toC:\Javalib
Add ANTLR to the CLASSPATH
CLASSPATH is an environmental variable. In order to set an environmental variable in Windows you will need to do the following.- Open Up File Explorer
- Right Click on This PC
- Select Properties
- On the left hand side of the new window select Advanced system settings
- On the bottom of this screen select Environment Variables…
- This is a new computer with no CLASSPATH variable so I had to add a new one. If you have used other Java Libraries it is possible that you may already have CLASSPATH defined. If you see CLASSPATH under System Variables append it with
C:\Javalib\antlr-4.5.3-complete.jar;If you do not have a CLASSPATH variable defined, select **New…* and then enterCLASSPATHfor the Variable Name, andC:\Javalib\antlr-4.5.3-complete.jarfor the Variable value.
Create batch commands for ANTLR Tool and TestRig
In order to make ANTLR easier to run from the command line we will need to add two simple batch files somewhere in the PATH. I decided to put these in C:\Javalib in order to keep them organized and together. C:\Javalib is not in the PATH by default so we must append the existing PATH variable just like we did in the previous step.- Open Up File Explorer
- Right Click on This PC
- Select Properties
- On the left hand side of the new window select Advanced system settings
- On the bottom of this screen select Environment Variables…
- Find the PATH variable
- Append
;C:\Javalib\;to the existing PATH variable
- Create a new file in
C:\Javalibcalledantlr4.bat - In this file enter
java org.antlr.v4.Tool %* - Save this file
- Create a new file in
C:\Javalibcalledgrun.bat - In this file enter
java org.antlr.v4.runtime.misc.TestRig %* - Save this file
antrl4 and grun into a command prompt and launch ANTLR or the Testing Suite respectively.
Make Sure Everything Works
To make sure that all of this worked;- Open up a Command Prompt or Powershell
- Enter the command
antlr4 - You should see something like this:
Output of antlr4 command[/caption]
- Enter the command
grun - You should see somethign like this:
Output of grun command[/caption]
Congrats, you are ready to hack on compilers now. Next, check out The Definitive ANTLR Reference book to learn everything there is to know about ANTLR.
Thank you for reading! Share your thoughts with me on bluesky, mastodon, or via email.
Check out some more stuff to read down below.
Most popular posts this month
- 2024
- Reinstalling Windows at 1am
- SQLite DB Migrations with PRAGMA user_version
- My Custom Miniflux CSS Theme
- How to Disable Wayland in Debian Testing
Recent Favorite Blog Posts
This is a collection of the last 8 posts that I bookmarked.
- My next chapter with Mastodon from Mastodon Blog
- How many pillars of observability can you fit on the head of a pin? from charity.wtf
- The Software Essays that Shaped Me from Refactoring English
- Give Your Spouse the Gift of a Couple's Email Domain from mtlynch.io
- Skip the Next iPhone from Articles on Jose M.
- Have smart glasses finally hit an inflection point? from The Torment Nexus
- The McPhee method from the jsomers.net blog
- Pluralistic: LLMs are slot-machines (16 Aug 2025) from Pluralistic: Daily links from Cory Doctorow
Articles from blogs I follow around the net
Highlights from my appearance on the Data Renegades podcast with CL Kao and Dori Wilson
I talked with CL Kao and Dori Wilson for an episode of their new Data Renegades podcast titled Data Journalism Unleashed with Simon Willison. I fed the transcript into Claude Opus 4.5 to extract this list of topics with timestamps and illustrative quotes. …
via Simon Willison's Weblog: Entries November 26, 2025Pluralistic: Google steers Americans looking for health care into "junk insurance" (25 Nov 2025)
Today's links Google steers Americans looking for health care into "junk insurance" : An enshittified search monopolist meets the worst health care system imaginable. Hey look at this: Delights to delectate. Object permanence: Disaster fantasi…
via Pluralistic: Daily links from Cory Doctorow November 25, 2025Digital asset treasury companies are running out of steam
Convincing traders to pay $2 for $1 of bitcoin worked — for a while. As premiums evaporate, an unwind could be painful.
via Citation Needed November 25, 2025Generated by openring